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  • Which of the following is correct regarding impact parameter(b) ?Option: 1 It is defined as the perpendicular distance of the velocity of the <img al

Which of the following is correct regarding impact parameter(b) ?

Option: 1

It is defined as the perpendicular distance of the velocity of the \alpha-particle from the centre of the nucleus


Option: 2

The kinetic energy of alpha particle is directly proportional to the impact parameter.


Option: 3

b \propto \tan \left( \frac{\theta}{2} \right )


Option: 4

none of these


Answers (1)

best_answer

  It is defined as the perpendicular distance of the velocity of the alpha-particle from the centre of the nucleus, when it is far away from the atom. The shape of the trajectory of the scattered alpha-particle depends on the impact parameter 'b' and the nature of the potential field. Rutherford deduced the following relationship between the impact parameter 'b' and the scattering angle \theta. It is given as 

b=\frac{Z e^{2} \cot (\theta / 2)}{4 \pi \varepsilon_{0}\left(\frac{1}{2} m v^{2}\right)} \\ \\ \Rightarrow b \propto \cot (\theta / 2)

Hence 1 is the correct answer.

Posted by

sudhir.kumar

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