In a nation where citizens elect representatives to make decisions on their behalf, and the head of state is not a hereditary monarch but a public official chosen through elections, what form of government does this nation have?
Monarchy
Oligarchy
Democracy
Republic
A republic government is a form of government where the citizens are allowed to elect representatives to make laws and decisions. This means that the head of state is not a hereditary monarch but an elected official. In such a type of government structure, the power lies with the people. This ensures the leadership through public choice rather than royal lineage.
Hence, the correct answer is option 4) Republic