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  • Consider the nitration of benzene using mixed concentrated. H2SO4 and HNO3. If a large amount of KHSO4 is added

Consider the nitration of benzene using mixed concentrated. H2SO4 and HNO3. If a large amount of KHSO4 is added to the mixture, the rate of nitration will be:

Option: 1

Faster


Option: 2

Slower


Option: 3

Unchanged


Option: 4

Doubled


Answers (1)

best_answer

During the nitration of benzene in the presence of concentrated \(\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{SO}_{4}\) and \mathrm{HNO}_{3}, nitrobenzene is formed.

Formation of electrophilie

\mathrm{HNO}_{3}+\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{SO}_{4} \rightleftharpoons \mathrm{NO}_{2}^{+}+\mathrm{HSO}_{4}^{-}+\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}

If a large amount of \mathrm{KHSO}_{4} is added to this mixture will furnish more \mathrm{HSO}_{4} ^- ion furnishes and according to le-chatelier's principle the concentration of electrophile(NO_{2}^{+}) decreases, rate of electrophilic aromatic reaction slows down.

Hence, Option 2 is correct. 

 

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