Mendel's laws of heredity are based on:
Random chance
Environmental factors
Genetic recombination
Segregation and independent assortment of alleles
Mendel's laws of heredity are based on the segregation and independent assortment of alleles. During gamete formation, the two copies of each gene segregate from each other so that each gamete only carries one copy of each gene. Additionally, the inheritance of one gene does not affect the inheritance of another gene, allowing for independent assortment of traits. Mendel's laws of heredity were derived from careful observations of the inheritance patterns of traits in pea plants, and his experiments showed that these laws could be used to predict the probability of offspring inheriting specific traits. While chance and genetic recombination also play a role in inheritance, Mendel's laws are based on the fundamental principles of segregation and independent assortment of alleles.
Option 4 is the correct answer.