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Small RNAs with internally complementary sequences that form hairpin-like structure, synthesized as precursor RNAs and cleaved by endonucleases to form short duplexes are called
snRNA
mRNA
tRNA
miRNA
Answers (1)
The small RNAs with internally complementary sequences that form hairpin-like structures, synthesized as precursor RNAs and cleaved by endonucleases to form short duplexes, are called microRNAs (miRNAs).
MiRNAs are a class of small non-coding RNAs that play important roles in post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression. They are transcribed from specific genes as longer primary miRNA transcripts (pri-miRNAs) that contain hairpin structures. These pri-miRNAs are processed by the enzyme Drosha in the nucleus to produce precursor miRNAs (pre-miRNAs). Pre-miRNAs are then exported to the cytoplasm, where they are further processed by the enzyme Dicer to generate short RNA duplexes. One strand of the duplex, known as the guide strand, is incorporated into the RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC), while the other strand, called the passenger strand, is usually degraded. The guide strand then binds to target messenger RNAs (mRNAs) and promotes their degradation or inhibits their translation, resulting in the regulation of gene expression.
MiRNAs have been found to have various roles in development, cell differentiation, and response to environmental stimuli. They are present in a wide range of organisms and are important regulators of gene expression in both plants and animals.
Hence, the correct answer is option 4.
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