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The dwarf pea mutant (le) used by Mendel was defective in which of the following enzymes involved in gibberellin biosynthesis?
ent-Kaurene synthase
GA 20-oxidase
GA 3β-hydroxylase
ent-Kaurenoic acid hydroxylase
Answers (1)
The dwarf pea mutant (le) used by Mendel was defective in the enzyme gibberellin 3-beta-dioxygenase (GA 3-oxidase).
Gibberellins are a group of plant hormones that play a crucial role in various aspects of plant growth and development, including stem elongation. The le mutation in pea plants resulted in a dwarf phenotype, characterized by reduced stem elongation compared to the wild type.
Mendel's work with the dwarf pea mutant was conducted before the exact nature of gibberellins and their biosynthetic pathways were known. However, subsequent research has revealed that the le mutation affects the activity of the GA 3-oxidase enzyme.
GA 3-oxidase is involved in the biosynthesis of gibberellins by catalyzing the conversion of inactive gibberellin precursors into active gibberellins. In the le mutant, a mutation in the GA 3-oxidase gene leads to reduced or impaired enzyme activity, resulting in lower levels of active gibberellins.
The reduced levels of active gibberellins in the le mutant result in a dwarf phenotype characterized by shorter stems. This provided an important clue for Mendel's studies on inheritance patterns and laid the foundation for our understanding of plant hormones and their roles in regulating plant growth and development.
Hence, the correct answer is option 3.
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