The principle of Hardy -Weinberg equilibrium cannot operate if
The population size is large
The population has no chance of interaction with the other population
Interbreeding occurs among all members of the population
Random frequent mutations occur in the population
As we have already studied in Hardy Weinberg Equilibrium -
The Hardy-Weinberg principle can be used to estimate the frequency of alleles and genotypes in a population. This principle says that allele frequencies in a population are stable and are constant from generation to generation. The gene pool (total genes and their alleles in a population) remains a constant which is called genetic equilibrium and the sum total of all the allelic frequencies is 1. Hence, the correct option is (d).