When an animal group is centered around a dominant female, it is called
Patriarchy
Matriarchy
Swarm
Flock
When an animal group is centered around a dominant female, it is more accurately referred to as a "matriarchy." Matriarchy typically refers to a social system or cultural organization in which women hold the primary positions of power and authority in society.
In certain animal species, particularly some primates such as bonobos and some elephants, social structures can be matriarchal. In these societies, a dominant female, often the oldest and most experienced, holds a central position of leadership and influence within the group. The dominant female may make decisions regarding the group's movements, foraging, and social interactions.
It's important to note that while matriarchal societies exist in certain animal species, they should not be directly equated with human concepts of matriarchy, which often involve complex social, cultural, and political dynamics. Animal matriarchal societies are primarily defined by the dominance and leadership of a female individual, whereas human matriarchy encompasses broader societal structures and power dynamics.
Hence, the correct answer is option 2.