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Which of the following statements about smelting is true?

Option: 1

Smelting is a purely physical process and does not involve any chemical reactions.


Option: 2

Smelting is commonly used for the extraction of noble metals like gold and platinum.


Option: 3

Smelting always results in the production of pure, refined metals.


Option: 4

Smelting can release harmful pollutants and gases into the environment.


Answers (1)

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Emission of air pollutants: Smelting can release various pollutants into the air, such as sulfur dioxide \left(\mathrm{SO}_2\right. ), nitrogen oxides \text{(NOx)}, particulate matter, and volatile organic compounds \text{(VOCs)}. These pollutants can contribute to air pollution and have detrimental effects on human health and the environment.

Generation of greenhouse gases: Smelting processes may involve the combustion of fossil fuels, such as coal or oil, which can lead to the emission of carbon dioxide \left(\mathrm{CO}_2\right) and other greenhouse gases. These gases contribute to climate change and global warming.

Release of heavy metals: Smelting can release heavy metals, such as lead, mercury, and arsenic, which are present in the ore. These metals can contaminate air, soil, and water, posing risks to ecosystems and human health.

Production of slag and waste materials: Smelting often generates slag, a byproduct containing impurities and waste materials. The disposal of slag and other waste products from smelting can lead to environmental contamination if not managed properly.

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Devendra Khairwa

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