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1.23 Explain the following terms with suitable examples:
(i) Schottky defect
Answers (1)
(i) Schottky defect
The Schottky defect is basically a vacancy defect in ionic solids. To maintain electrical neutrality, the number of missing cations and anions are equal as shown in the figure. Schottky defect decreases the density of the substance. The number of such defects in ionic solids is quite significant. For example, in NaCl, there are approximately 106 Schottky pairs per cm3 at room temperature. In 1 cm3 there are about 1022 ions. Thus, there is one Schottky defect per 1016 ions. The Schottky defect is shown by ionic substances in which the cation and anion are of almost similar sizes. For example, NaCl, KCl, CsCl and AgBr.
The figure showing a Schottky defect is as shown :
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