Q How does deforestation reduce rainfall on the one hand and lead to floods on the other?
Deforestation means cutting down the trees. And we know that trees play an essential role in the water cycle as it contributes moisture to the air which brings rainfall. So if no. of trees decreases the process of transpiration and water cycle get disturbed. Hence rainfall will be reduced.
Reduced rain will reduce the amount of water absorption in the soil. This soil will be dry and leads to lower water intake in the trees, and because of that, soil erosion will occur, and it leads to floods.