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  • Species diversity decreases as we move away from the equator towards the poles. What could be the possible reasons?

Species diversity decreases as we move away from the equator towards the poles. What could be the possible reasons?

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The following are the reasons for greater species diversity near the equator than at the poles:

  • The equator receives direct illumination and hence has experienced uniform climatic conditions throughout the history of evolution.
  • Stable conditions near the equator have given rise to a large number of species.
  • When we consider the temperate regions, the climatic conditions have changed dramatically in these regions. Many species, which live in these regions, become extinct during dramatic climatic changes. Hence, we find a lower number of species in these regions.
  • In polar regions, due to extreme cold climatic conditions and less availability of sunlight species diversity is very low.
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