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  • What are the various enzymatic types of glandular secretions in our gut helping digestion of food? What is the nature of end products obtained after complete digestion of food?

What are the various enzymatic types of glandular secretions in our gut helping digestion of food? What is the nature of end products obtained after complete digestion of food?

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a) Secretions from Gastric Glands: These glands secrete gastric juice which contains hydrochloric acid and the enzyme pepsin. In infants, rennin is also secreted by the stomach. Rennin helps in the digestion of milk.

b) Secretions from the Liver: The liver produces the bile juice. Bile does not contain any enzyme but plays an important role in digestion. It facilitates the emulsification of fats so that its digestion can be easier. Bile also provides an alkaline medium so that the enzymes in the small intestine can work.

c) Secretions from Pancreas: Pancreas secretes pancreatic juice which contains inactive enzymes like amylase, lipase, nuclease; trypsinogen and chymotrypsinogen.Trypsinogen is activated by an enzyme enterokinase into active trypsin,secreted by the intestinal mucosa. Trypsin, then activate other enzymes in the pancreatic juice. Amylase digests carbohydrate, and trypsin/chymotrypsin digests protein.

d) Secretions from Small Intestine: Small intestine secretes succus entericus which contains various enzymes including dipeptidase, lipase, lactase, etc.

e) End Products of Digestion: The final products of digestion are simpler substances like glucose, amino acids, fatty acids, and glycerol. These substances can be easily absorbed by the villi present in the small intestine.

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