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Among the given options, select the correct statement(s) regarding the characteristics of glomerular filtrate and urine within the renal system:
I. The glomerular filtrate has an isotonic composition similar to plasma.
II. Urine becomes hypotonic as it progresses through the collecting tubule.
III. The filtrate maintains an isotonic state in the PCT.
IV.The filtrate progressively becomes more hypotonic while passing through the descending limb of Henle's loop.
Choose the correct option:
I and III
I, II, and III
II and III
Only II
Answers (1)
Statement I: The glomerular filtrate has an isotonic composition similar to plasma.This statement is true. During filtration in the glomerulus, small molecules such as water, ions, and waste products are filtered from the blood into the glomerular filtrate. Since the glomerulus is permeable to these small molecules, the composition of the glomerular filtrate is similar to that of plasma, which is isotonic.
Statement III: The filtrate maintains an isotonic state in the proximal convoluted tubule (PCT).This statement is also true. In the PCT, reabsorption of water, ions, and nutrients occurs. However, the reabsorption of these substances is proportional, maintaining the osmolarity and isotonicity of the filtrate. Therefore, the filtrate remains isotonic in the PCT.Since both statements I and III are true, option 1 is the correct answer.
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