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Get Answers to all your Questions
- #Structural Organisation in Animals and Plants
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In a copulating pair of earthworms, which of the two processes take place?
Option: 1
Reciprocal fertilisation and internal fertilisation
Option: 2
Cross fertilisation and reciprocal fertilisation
Option: 3
Internal fertilisation and cross fertilisation
Option: 4
External fertilisation and internal fertilisation
Answers (1)
Reproduction and Development in Earthworm
- Earthworm is hermaphrodite, that is, male and female reproductive organs are present in the same individual.
- Earthworms do not self-fertilize because testes mature earlier than the ovaries.
Female reproductive system
- It consists of the following structures
- Ovaries- these are a pair of white minute masses attached to the septum present between the 12th and 13th segments. These are the sites of gametogenesis.
- Oviducts and oviducal funnel- these collect eggs and pass them to outside into the cocoon through a female genital aperture.
- Spermathecae- Four pairs of spermatheca are located in the 6th-9th segments (one pair in each segment). They receive and store spermatozoa during copulation
- During mating, two worms mutually exchange sperms
- These two worms mate by juxtaposing opposite gonadal openings and exchanging packets of sperm called spermatophores
- The mature sperm and egg cells and nutritive fluid are deposited in cocoons produced by the gland cells of the clitellum
- Fertilization and development occur within the cocoons which are deposited in soil
- After fertilization, the cocoon slips off the worm and is deposited in or on the soil
- The cocoon holds the worm embryos.
- Each cocoon then produces 2-20 baby worms.
- Development of earthworm is direct i.e. there is no larva formed.
- Reciprocal fertilization and internal fertilization in a copulating pair of earthworms.
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