In which of the following mating systems there is likely to be no conflict of interest over the reproductive success between sexes?
Polyandry
Monogamy
Promiscuity
Polygamy
In the context of mating systems, a mating system where there is likely to be no conflict of interest over reproductive success between sexes is monogamy.
In monogamy, a male and a female form a long-term pair bond and mate exclusively with each other. Both sexes have equal access to each other and share in parental care responsibilities. Since both individuals are invested in the success of their shared offspring, there is generally less conflict over reproductive success.
In polyandry, a female mates with multiple males, and in polygamy, a male mates with multiple females. In both cases, there can be potential conflict of interest between the sexes. For example, in polyandry, males may compete for access to the female, and in polygamy, females may compete for access to the male. Such competition can lead to conflicts and differences in reproductive success between males and females.
Promiscuity refers to a mating system where individuals have multiple partners without forming long-term pair bonds. In promiscuous mating systems, conflicts of interest can arise between males and females due to competition for mates and the uncertainty of parentage. Consequently, there is often a lack of exclusive investment by either sex, resulting in potential conflicts over reproductive success.
Therefore, monogamy is the mating system that is more likely to have less conflict of interest over reproductive success between sexes compared to polyandry, polygamy, or promiscuity. Hence, the correct answer is option 2.