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  • Pick out the statement that does not apply to bryophytes:  Option: 1 Include ferns and horsetails  <div class='

Pick out the statement that does not apply to bryophytes:
 

Option: 1

Include ferns and horsetails
 


Option: 2

Thallus in gametophyte
 


Option: 3

Gemmae help in reproduction
 


Option: 4

Water is required for fertilization
 


Answers (1)

best_answer

 

 

Bryophyta -

  • These are non vascular terrestrial plants present mostly in moist places.
  • Bryophytes are called so because they depend on external water for fertilization and completion of their life cycle.
  • Bryophytes are the first land plants. 
  • The main plant body is gametophytic. It can be thalloid i.e. not differentiated into root, stem and leaves or foliose i.e. leafy.
  • Vegetative reproduction occurs by various methods such as fragmentation of the older thallus, adventitious branches detached from thallus to form new thalli.
  • Sexual reproduction is of oogamous type. 
  • The sex organs are multicellular and jacketed.
  • Sex organs are multicellular and jacketed.
  • The male sex organ is called as antheridium and female sex organs are called archegonium. 
  • The antheridium forms biflagellate male gametes and the archegonium has only one egg cell.
  • Fertilisation is by zooidogamous oogamy. Archegonia secrete sugars which attract male gametes by chemotaxy.
  • The zygote develops into a multicellular relatively undifferentiated embryo which becomes adult sporophyte.
  • Sporophyte remains attached to the gametophyte as a partial or complete parasite.
  • Sporophyte has foot, seta or meristematic zone and capsule. In some cases, foot and seta can be absent. 
  • The capsule has spore mother cells which divide meiotically to form spores. All the spores are morphologically similar and hence Homosporous.
  • Bryophytes depict heteromorphic alternation of generations and life cycle is Haplo- diplontic.
  • Eg: Riccia, Funaria, Anthoceros

Ferns and horsetails are included in pteridophytes.

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Nehul

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