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Get Answers to all your Questions
- #Cell Structure and Function
- #Biology
- #National Eligibility Cum Entrance Test
- #Medical
- #Class 11
- #National Eligilibility Cum Entrance Test
Select the type of ribosome present in the matrix of the mitochondria:
50S
70S
80S
40S
Answers (1)
Semi-autonomous Organelles: Mitochondria (Sing. Mitochondrion)
Structure of the Mitochondria
1. Membranes
- Mitochondria are spherical or rod-shaped organelles that are surrounded by two membranes.
- The outer membrane is smooth and contains special proteins called porins that allow easy diffusion of the particle. It is completely permeable to nutrient molecules, ions, ATPs etc.
- The inner membrane has a complex structure. It shows infoldings called cristae (sing. crista) where the enzymes for electron transport chain are present. It is highly selectively permeable.
- The space between the outer and inner membrane is called the peri-mitochondrial or inter-mitochondrial space.
2. Matrix
Matrix is the jelly-like substance that contains the essential proteins and enzymes for aerobic respiration. Circular mitochondrial DNA, RNAs, 70S ribosomes etc. are also localised in the matrix.
3. Mitochondrial DNA
Although the major load of mitochondrial proteins comes from the nuclear DNA, mitochondria contain their own circular DNA that codes for some of the essential proteins. Mitochondria can reproduce through binary fission independently. These features make them semi-autonomous organelles.
70S ribosomes are present in the matrix of mitochondria.
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