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Which of the following hormones stimulates the production of milk in human females?
Option: 1
estrogen
Option: 2
progesterone
Option: 3
prolactin
Option: 4
oxytocin
Answers (1)
Lactation -
- The mammary glands of the female undergo differentiation during pregnancy and start producing milk towards the end of pregnancy by the process called lactation.
- During pregnancy, estrogen and progesterone are secreted in large quantity either from corpus luteum or placenta.
- Apart from these, the human chorionic somatomammotropin (HCS) secreted by placenta also is responsible for the growth of breasts.
- There is no lactation during pregnancy because progesterone level is high and it inhibits the release of prolactin.
- After delivery, since the concentration of progesterone falls earlier than the estrogen, prolactin secretion starts and lactation commences in about 1-3 days.
- During this phase, suckling is the most effective stimulus that brings about the secretion of prolactin.
- Oxytocin causes the release of the milk from the mammary glands.
- Human milk consists of water, organic and inorganic substances.
- Its main constituents are fats, casein, lactose, mineral salts and vitamins.
- The milk produced initially is called colostrum, which is rich in Iga antibody.
Hence, the correct option is (c).
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