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Which of the following is present in larger quantity in a given tree trunk?
Option: 1
Sapwood
Option: 2
Heartwood
Option: 3
Earlywood
Option: 4
Latewood
Answers (1)
- When a transverse section of a woody trunk is taken, two regions are distinctly visible.
- In the centre, there is dark coloured wood called heartwood.
- Heartwood is made up of dead and non-functional components of wood.
- Heartwood is also called duramen.
- The lumen of vessels in the heartwood has been blocked by tyloses.
- Tyloses are balloon-like structures formed due to protrusion of xylem parenchyma cells into the lumen of vessels.
- These parenchyma cells become lignified and dead, thereby making the vessels non-functional.
- In the tracheids of gymnosperms, the tylosoids are present.
- The heartwood is durable and resistant to parasitic and microbial attack.
- It gives mechanical support to the tree trunk.
- It appears dark due to deposition of organic compounds like tannins, resins, oils, gums, aromatic substances and essential oils.
- In the periphery of the tree trunk, surrounding the heartwood, there is lighter colored wood made up of functional xylem elements.
- This is called sapwood. It is involved in the conduction of sap.
- Sapwood is also called alburnum.
Typically there is less sapwood than heartwood in any given stem.
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