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Which one of the following best describes the function of Casparian bands during the translocation of nutrients and water across the root?
Block apoplastic nutrient transport
Block symplastic nutrient transport
Act as a nutrient carrier
Help in creating passage cells
Answers (1)
Casparian bands are specialised structures found in the endodermal cells of plant roots. They are formed by suberin, a waxy substance that makes the cell walls impermeable to water and solutes. The primary function of Casparian bands is to block or regulate the apoplastic pathway of nutrient and water transport across the root.
The apoplastic pathway refers to the movement of substances through the cell walls and intercellular spaces of plant tissues. This pathway allows for relatively unrestricted movement of water, minerals, and other solutes. However, the presence of Casparian bands in the endodermal cells forces the water and solutes to cross the plasma membrane of the endodermal cells and enter the symplastic pathway.
By blocking the apoplastic pathway, Casparian bands ensure that all materials entering the vascular cylinder (stele) must pass through the cytoplasm of the endodermal cells. This enables the selective uptake and regulation of nutrients, preventing the uncontrolled movement of potentially harmful substances into the plant.
In summary, Casparian bands function to block apoplastic nutrient transport, forcing water and solutes to enter the symplastic pathway and allowing for selective nutrient uptake and regulation in the root. Hence, the correct answer is option 1.
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