According to the evolutionary theory, formation of a new species is generally due to
(a) sudden creation by nature
(b) accumulation of variations over several generations
(c) clones formed during asexual reproduction
(d) movement of individuals from one habitat to another
The change in the heritable characteristics of biological populations over successive generations is called Evolution.
(a) Sudden creation by nature is not an evolutionary process
(b) Accumulation of variations over several generations forming new species is an evolutionary process. Genetic drift accumulates different changes in sub-populations of a species. In the different geographic locations, natural selection may also operate differently. Eventually, different groups of new species will be formed.
(c) Cloning is the process of producing individuals with identical or virtually identical DNA, either naturally or artificially. It is not an evolutionary process.
(d) The movement of individuals from one habitat to another is not evolution
Therefore, option (b) is correct.