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  • Explain the process of the transport and release of a neurotransmitter with the help of a labelled diagram showing a complete neuron, axon terminal and synapse.

Explain the process of the transport and release of a neurotransmitter with the help of a labelled diagram showing a complete neuron, axon terminal and synapse.

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Neurotransmitters help in the transmission of impulses at the junction between two neurons called chemical synapses. In the synapse, there exist synaptic vessels in the axon terminal called synaptic knobs. These vessels contain neurotransmitters. The impulses from the nerves reach the axon terminal and travel through it as electrical signals. When the impulse reaches the end of the axon, it picks up the neurotransmitters present in it and attaches it to the chemoreceptors that are present on the dendrite membrane of the next neuron. This attaching of chemicals (acetylcholine) with chemoreceptors leads to the depolarization of the membrane generating a nerve impulse across the nerve fibre. Acetylcholine is inactivated and hydrolyzed by the enzyme found in the post-synaptic membrane- acetylcholinesterase. The hydrolyses facilitate the repolarization of the membrane.

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