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  • Explain the structure of middle and internal ear with the help of diagram.

Explain the structure of middle and internal ear with the help of a diagram.

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Ans. The structure of the human ear is divided into three parts- the external ear, the middle ear and the inner ear.

Structure of Middle Ear: The middle ear is composed of three bones or ossicles- malleus, incus, and stapes. All three bones are attached in a chain-like manner. The malleus is attached to the tympanic membrane and stapes are attached to a membrane of cochlea called the oval window. The tympanic membrane is the one that separates the middle ear from the external one. It is also called the ear drum. Not only that, it also helps in catching the sound waves and transmitting them to the bony ossicles. From the bony ossicles, the waves are transferred to the inner ear. The eustachian tube connects the pharynx to the middle ear. tympanic membrane and bony ossicles. The tympanic membrane separates the middle ear from the external ear and the middle ear is connected to the pharynx by an eustachian tube.

 

Structure of Inner Ear: The inner ear is composed of a fluid-filled chamber called the labyrinth. It is divided into two parts- an outer bony labyrinth and an inner membranous labyrinth. The bony labyrinth consists of channels which are filled with a fluid called endolymph. The portion which is coiled in the labyrinth is the cochlea. The cochlea consists of two large ear canals- the upper vestibular canal and the lower vestibular canal. The two canals are separated by a cochlear duct. Semi-circular canals help in maintaining balance and posture of the body and the cochlea helps in sending audio signals to the brain.

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