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  • Give reasons for the appearance of new combinations of characters in the F_{2} progeny.

Give reasons for the appearance of new combinations of characters in the F2 progeny.

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Law of independent assortment: This is the reason for the appearance of new combinations in the F2 generation. It states that:

When two pairs of traits are combined in a hybrid, one pair of character segregates independent of the other pair of character.
It indicates that the chances for the pea seeds to be round or wrinkled do not depend on their chances to be yellow or green.
Each pair of alleles is independent of the other pairs.

In a dihybrid cross between two plants having round yellow (RRYY) and wrinkled green seeds (rryy), four types of gametes are produced (RY, Ry, rY, ry). Each of these segregate independent of each other.

Progeny Ratio: Round Yellow : Round green : wrinkled Yellow : wrinkled green

9  :  3 :  3  :  1

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