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(a) Differentiate between meristematic and permanent tissues in plants
(b) Define the process of differentiation
(c) Name any two simple and two complex permanent tissues in plants.

 

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Sol.
a) Meristematic tissues and Permanent tissues differ in the following way-

Meristematic tissue

Permanent tissue

It consits of only living cells which are spherical or polygonal and undifferentiated in nature.

It consists of both dead and living cells which are large, differentiated with different shapes.

The cell wall is thin and elastic.

The cell wall can be thin or thick.

Its cells contain large and prominent nucleus with dense cytoplasm and no vacuoles.

Its cells contain small nucleus and large central vacuole.

The intercellular spaces are absent.

The intercellular spaces are often present.

Its cells keep on dividing and growing regularly.

The cells do not divide after differentiation.

The cell organelles are simple.

Its cell organelles are fully developed.

It helps in the growth of the plant.

It helps in the protection, support, conduction photosynthesis, etc

 

(b) The process by which the cells divide meristematically and take a permanent shape, size and function is called differentiation. The differntiated cells take up specific roles, lose their ability to divide and form permanent tissue.
 

(c) Simple permanent tissue- parenchyma and collenchyma Complex permanent tissue- xylem and phloem. 

 

 

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