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Consider an extended object immersed in water contained in a plane trough. When seen from close to the edge of the trough the object looks distorted because
A. the apparent depth of the points close to the edge are nearer the surface of the water compared to the points away from the edge.
B. the angle subtended by the image of the object at the eye is smaller than the actual angle subtended by the object in air.
C. some of the points of the object far away from the edge may not be visible because of total internal reflection.
D. water in a trough acts as a lens and magnifies the object.

Answers (1)

All three (a, b, c) are the correct options.

 When the ray of light passes from water into the air from the pencil it is refracted, the beam bends away from the normal when going from high to low refractive index.

In case of light getting refracted from water surface from the submerged object before reaching to the observer, it bends away from the normal and the angle formed by the from the image of the object is smaller than the real angle formed by the object in the air. This also affects the apparent depth as it becomes nearer to the surface of the water when points are close to the edge as compared to the points far from the edge.

The angle of incident increase while moving right, and it becomes equal to the critical angle. Thus, due to total internal reflection, some point of the object present far from the edge may not be visible.

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