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  • In a diatomic molecule, the rotational energy at a given temperature (a) obeys Maxwell’s distribution

In a diatomic molecule, the rotational energy at a given temperature
(a) obeys Maxwell’s distribution
(b) have the same value for all molecules
(c) equals the translational kinetic energy for each molecule
(d) is \left (\frac{2}{3} \right ){rd} the translational kinetic energy for each molecule

Answers (1)

The correct answer is the option (a) and (d)

If we assume a diatomic molecule along the z-axis, its energy along that axis will be zero.  The total energy of a diatomic molecule can be expressed as: E = \frac{1}{2} mvx^{2} + \frac{1}{2} mvy^{2} + \frac{1}{2} mvz^{2} + \frac{1}{2} IxWx^{2} + \frac{1}{2} IxWy^{2}

The number of independent terms in the expression =5. The above expression obeys Maxwell’s distribution as their velocities can be predicted with Maxwell’s findings. In this case, for each molecule 3 translational and 2 rotational energies are associated. So, at any temperature, rotational energy = \left (\frac{2}{3} \right ){rd} translational KE

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