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Describe the activity that shows that a current-carrying conductor experiences a force perpendicular to its length and the external magnetic field. How does Fleming’s left-hand rule help us to find the direction of the force acting on the current carrying conductor?

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Solution:
Here we have a small aluminium rod AB. It is suspend horizontally from a stand, using two connecting wires.
A strong horse-shoe magnet is placed in such a way such that the rod lies between the two poles with the magnetic field directed upwards.
The North Pole of the magnet lies vertically below and South Pole lies vertically above the aluminium rod.
The rod in connected in series with a battery, a key and a rheostat.
The arrangement looks as:

Now if we pass a current through the aluminium rod from end B to end A, we observe that the rod is displaced towards left.
If we reverse the direction of current, we observe that the direction of its displacement is now towards right.
This is explained using Fleming’s left hand rule.
It states that:
Stretch your thumb, forefinger and central finger of left hand such that they are mutually perpendicular. If the fore finger points in the direction of magnetic field and the central finger points in the direction of current, then the thumb will point in the
direction of motion or force acting on the conductor.
 

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