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Under what conditions permanent electromagnet is obtained if a current carrying solenoid is used? Support your answer with the help of a labelled circuit diagram.

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Solution:
Permanent electromagnet as a special case of solenoid.
This solenoid is also known as electromagnet.
This is made by whirling large number of wire turns on a soft iron core to create strong magnetic field
In this case the current carrying long solenoid will have soft iron core within its self.
Therefore we can say, “To obtain permanent electromagnet, we need Soft iron core and current in tightly wound solenoid.”
Soft iron core attracts magnetic field lines, hence it causes closeness in the lines with in the solenoid.

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