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What are the applications of adsorption in chemical analysis?

 

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In chemical analysis, adsorption finds many applications. Some of these applications are:
(i) Qualitative analysis: The lake test, which is used to confirm the presence of aluminium ions, is based on the principle of adsorption. Aluminium hydroxide can adsorb the blue colour of the litmus solution.
(ii) Adsorption indicators: For volumetric analysis, adsorption-based indicators are used. For instance, some dyes that adsorb on the precipitate can be used to figure out the endpoint of the reaction.
(iii) Ion-exchange resins: Some organic polymers can selectively adsorb ions from water and are used to soften hard water.
(iv) Inert gas separation: gases show a varying degree of adsorption by charcoal. Noble gases can be separated by adsorption by coconut charcoal at different temperatures.
(v) The froth floatation method used for concentration of sulphide ores is based on adsorption.
(vi) Chromatographic analysis: Adsorption chromatography is used to purify and separate pigments, hormones, etc.
(vii) In preparation of gas masks using activated charcoal to avoid poisonous gases.

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