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Which among the following changes are exothermic or endothermic in nature?

(a) Decomposition of ferrous sulphate

(b) Dilution of sulphuric acid

(c) Dissolution of sodium hydroxide in water

(d) Dissolution of ammonium chloride in water

Answers (1)

(a) Decomposition of ferrous sulphate

2FeSO_{4}(s)\overset{heat}{\rightarrow} Fe_{2}O_{3}(s)+SO_{3}(g)+SO_{2}(g) 

Endothermic reaction as it involves absorption of heat

(b) Dilution of sulphuric acid

Dilution of sulphuric acid with water is a highly exothermic process as it occurs with the evolution of heat.

H_{2}SO_{4}+2H_{2}O\rightarrow 2H_{3}O^{+}+SO_{4}^{2-}+ Heat

Exothermic reactions

(c) Dissolution of sodium hydroxide in water

It produces negative hydroxide ions and positive sodium ions (Na+)

NaOH\overset{water}{\rightarrow}Na^{+}+OH^{-}+Heat

Exothermic reactions

(d) Dissolution of ammonium chloride in water

NH_{4}Cl(s)\rightarrow NH^{+}_{4}(aq)+Cl^{-}(aq)

Endothermic reaction

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