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  • Define transgenic animals. Explain in detail any four areas where they can be utilized.

Define transgenic animals. Explain in detail any four areas where they can be utilized.

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Transgenic animals are the animals in which a foreign gene is expressed. Transgenic rats, pigs, cows, rabbits, sheep, and fish have been produced. However, more than 95% of all transgenic animals are mice. Four areas in which transgenic animals can be utilized are as follows:

(a) Fundamental Biological Processes: Transgenic animals can be used to understand insulin-like growth factors in humans: A particular factor can be introduced from another animal, and then the behaviour of this factor can be studied in the transgenic animal.

(b) Study of Diseases: Many transgenic animals are introduced with genes for a certain disease. Then progression and possible cure for such disease can be studied using these animals. Today,

models of transgenic animals exist in which cancer, cystic fibrosis, rheumatoid arthritis, etc. can be studied.

(c) Biological Products: A transgenic cow Rosie could produce human protein-enriched milk. This milk contains 2.4 g of human alpha-lactalbumin per litre. This milk is nutritionally balanced for babies than normal cow milk.

(d) Vaccine Safety: Before approval for use in humans, any vaccine needs to prove its safety on model animals. For example, transgenic mice have been used to study the safety of polio vaccine.

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Gurleen Kaur

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