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  • Define water potential and solute potential.

Define water potential and solute potential.

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Water potential is the kinetic energy of water, and it decreases with the addition of a solute. It determines the direction of water movement, with water flowing from regions of higher water potential to lower water potential. Water potential is affected by factors like solute concentration and pressure, and is expressed in units of pressure (usually megapascals, MPa). 

The degree and magnitude by which the water potential reduces with the addition of a solute is known as solute potential. Adding solutes to water lowers its solute potential, making it more negative, as solutes reduce the free energy of water molecules. This causes water to move into areas with higher solute concentration, playing a key role in processes like osmosis.

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