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\text {CuSO}_{4}.\text {5H}_{2}\text {O}  is blue while \text {CuSO}_{4} is colourless. Why?

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In \text {CuSO}_{4}.\text {5H}_{2}\text {O}, the extra 5 water act as ligands. They apparently excite the electrons to the higher d orbital which shows the blue color. In \text {CuSO}_{4}, there are no water molecule that can act as ligands, so there is no crystal field slitting happening, hence there is no color.

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