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  • A non-metal A which is the largest constituent of air, when heated with H2 in 1ratio3 ratio in the presence of catalyst (Fe) gives a gas BOn heating with O2 it gives an oxide C. If this oxide is passed into water in the presence of air it gives an acid D

A non-metal A which is the largest constituent of air, when heated with H2 in 1:3 ratio in the presence of catalyst (Fe) gives a gas B. On heating with O2 it gives an oxide C. If this oxide is passed into water in the presence of air it gives an acid D which acts as a strong oxidising agent.
(a) Identify A, B, C and D
(b) To which group of periodic table does this non-metal belong

Answers (1)

(a) A is the largest constituent of air so A is nitrogen gas.
Now, when N2 is heated with H2 in 1:3 ratio in presence of catalyst Fe, ammonia is formed. The reaction is as follows:
N_{2}+H_{2}\rightarrow NH_{3}
Thus, B is ammonia gas.
Now it is given that on heating with O2, B gives an oxide C.
Ammonia, when heated with oxygen, forms nitric oxide (NO).
4NH_{3}+5O_{2}\left ( g \right )\rightarrow 4NO\left ( g \right )+6H_{2}O\left ( g \right )
NO further gets oxidised to NO2 by oxygen present in the air. The reaction is as follows:
2NO\left ( g \right )+O_{2}\left ( g \right )\rightarrow 2NO_{2}\left ( g \right )
Thus, C is NO2 (nitrogen dioxide)
Now it is given in the question that this oxide is passed into water in the presence of air (O2). The reaction will be:
4NO_{2}+2H_{2}O+O_{2}\rightarrow 4HNO_{3}
Hence, nitric acid (HNO3) is produced, which is a strong oxidising agent.
Thus, D is nitric acid (HNO3)
(b) The non-metal nitrogen has atomic number 7.
Its electronic configuration is 2, 5.
It belongs to group 15 or VA, because N has 5 valence electrons.

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