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  • Discuss the importance of testing of new plant varieties in a geographically vast country like India.

Discuss the importance of testing new plant varieties in a geographically vast country like India.

 

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In a country as extensive as India, characterized by diverse agroclimatic zones, the evaluation of plant varieties is of importance for several distinct reasons:

1. Agroecological Diversity: The heterogeneous climatic and edaphic conditions necessitate the trialling of various plant varieties to know their regional compatibility and adaptability.
2. Biotic Stress Tolerance: Through rigorous assessment, one can know plant types exhibiting innate resistance to specific pests and pathogens, thereby reducing reliance on chemical pesticides and insecticides and enhancing agricultural productivity.
3. Hydric Stress Tolerance: Given the disparities in water availability across the country, it is important to evaluate plant varieties for their ability to withstand drought or waterlogging conditions, thus ensuring optimal growth and survival.
4. Enhanced Yield and Quality Traits: The scrutiny of potential high-yielding, disease-resistant plants contributes to enhancing food security and augmenting the economic returns for cultivators.
5. Climate Change Mitigation: Testing plant varieties for resilience to evolving climatic conditions facilitates the development of climate-smart agriculture, which is vital for sustaining productivity and environmental balance over the long term.

In conclusion, the systematic trialling of new plant genotypes across the expansive Indian subcontinent is important in achieving superior crop adaptability, productivity enhancement, and the promotion of sustainable agronomic practices.

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