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  • What are the physical barriers of a cell in the protoplast fusion experiment? How are the barriers overcome?

What are the physical barriers of a cell in the protoplast fusion experiment? How are the barriers overcome?

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The cell wall is the physical barrier which can prevent protoplast fusion.

  • The cell wall, which is made up of cellulose, is dissolved with the help of the enzyme Cellulase.
  • Another component of the cell wall pectin, is dissolved with the help of the enzyme Pectinase. 

The cell wall acts as a structural boundary for cells, maintaining their shape and providing protection. To obtain protoplasts, which are the cellular components without the cell wall, one must subject the cells to enzymatic treatment with substances such as cellulase and pectinase. These enzymes are specifically designed to degrade the cellulose and pectin components of the cell wall, thereby releasing the protoplasts. Following this, polyethene glycol is utilized to facilitate the fusion of these protoplasts, leading to the creation of hybrid organisms in the plant kingdom.

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