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  • What is the role of metal or reagents written on arrows in the given chemical reactions?

What is the role of metal or reagents written on arrows in the given chemical reactions? 

(a) 

(b) CH_{3}COOH +CH_{3}CH_{2}OH \overset{Conc. H_{2}SO_{4}}{\rightarrow} CH_{3}COOC_{2}H_{5}+H_{2}O

(c) CH_{3}CH_{2}OH\xrightarrow[Heat]{Alk. KMnO_{4}} CH_{3}COOH

 

Answers (1)

(a) Nickel (Ni) acts as the catalyst during the reaction. It first absorbs the hydrogen molecule on its surface as hydrogen atoms and then the alkene molecule side by side. The two hydrogen atoms then add across the double bond of the alkene to form the addition product, i.e., 2, 3- dimethyl butane.

(b) Conc. H_{2}SO_{4} increases the rate of the forward reaction by removing H_{2}O formed during the reaction. In other words, conc. H_{2}SO_{4} acts as a dehydrating agent.

(c) Alkaline KMnO_{4} acts as an oxidizing agent and oxidizes ethanol to ethanoic acid

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