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  • Why and how does water enter continuously into the root xylem?

Why and how does water enter continuously into the root xylem?

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Water evaporation (a.k.a. transpiration) from leaves creates a suction force pulling water from the root xylem to the leaves.

  1. Water continuously enters the root xylem through osmotic pressure.
  2. Higher complex plants have xylem present in all parts of their structure, including the root, stem, and leaf.
  3. The xylem includes—xylem parenchyma (living), vessels, tracheids, and xylem fibres (all respectively dead)
  4. The cells of the root xylem are in direct contact with the soil which lets them actively absorb ions.
  5. Consequently, the concentration of ions inside the root rises which increases the osmotic pressure and also the rate at which water moves into the root.
  6. Root hairs are thin-walled which allows continuous water flow into the root xylem.
  7. Tracheids have channelized perforations that also help in conducting water.
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