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Provide solution for RD Sharma maths Class 12 Chapter 21 Differential Equation Exercise 21.10 Question 34 textbook solution.

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Answer : y=\frac{x e^{4 x}}{6}-\frac{1}{36} e^{4 x}+C e^{-2 x}

Hint :To solve this equation we use \frac{dy}{dx}+Py=Q where P,Q are constants.

Give : \frac{d y}{d x}+2 y=x e^{4 x}

Solution : \frac{d y}{d x}+(2) y=x e^{4 x}

              =\frac{dy}{dx}+Py=Q

              P=2, Q=x e^{4 x}

If  of differential equation is

\begin{aligned} &I f=e^{\int P d x} \\ &=e^{\int 2 d x} \\ &=e^{2 \int d x} \\ &=e^{2 x} \end{aligned}

\begin{aligned} &y I f=\int \text { QIf } d x+C \\ &=y\left(e^{2 x}\right)=\int x e^{4 x} e^{2 x} d x+C \\ &=y e^{2 x}=\int x e^{6 x} d x+C \end{aligned}

\begin{aligned} &=y e^{2 x}=\int x e^{6 x} d x+C\left[\int f(x) g(x) d c=f(x) \int[g(x) d x] \int f(x)\left[\int g(x) d x\right] d x\right] \\ &=y e^{2 x}=x\left(\int e^{6 x} d x\right)-\int \frac{d}{d x}(x)\left(\int e^{6 x} d x\right) d x+C \\ &=y e^{2 x}=x\left(\frac{e^{6 x}}{6}\right)-\int 1\left(\frac{e^{6 x}}{6}\right) d x+C \\ &=y e^{2 x}=x\left(\frac{e^{6 x}}{6}\right)-\frac{1}{6}\left(\frac{e^{6 x}}{6}\right)+C \end{aligned}

\begin{aligned} &=y e^{2 x}=e^{6 x}\left(\frac{x}{6}\right)-\frac{1}{36}\left(e^{6 x}\right)+C \\ &=y e^{2 x} e^{-2 x}=e^{-2 x}\left[e^{6 x}\left(\frac{x}{6}\right)-\frac{1}{36}\left(e^{6 x}\right)+C\right] \end{aligned}

\begin{aligned} &=y e^{2 x-2 x}=e^{-2 x} e^{6 x}\left(\frac{x}{6}\right)-e^{-2 x} \frac{1}{36}\left(e^{6 x}\right)+C e^{-2 x} \\ &=y e^{0}=e^{6 x-2 x}\left(\frac{x}{6}\right)-e^{6 x-2 x} \frac{1}{36}+C e^{-2 x} \\ &=y=e^{4 x}\left(\frac{x}{6}\right)-e^{4 x} \frac{1}{36}+C e^{-2 x} \end{aligned}

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