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  • Provide solution for RD Sharma maths Class 12 Chapter 21 Differential Equation Exercise 21.10 Question 37 Subquestion (vi) textbook solution.

Provide solution for RD Sharma maths Class 12 Chapter 21 Differential Equation Exercise 21.10 Question 37 Subquestion (vi) textbook solution.

Answers (1)

Answer : y=x^{2}+\cos x

Give : \frac{d y}{d x}+y \tan x=2 x+x^{2} \tan x

Hint : Using \int \frac{1}{1+x^{2}} d x

Explanation : \frac{d y}{d x}+y \tan x=2 x+x^{2} \tan x

                      =\frac{d x}{d y}+(\tan x) y=2 x+x^{2} \tan x

This is a linear differential equation of the form

          \begin{aligned} &\frac{d x}{d y}+P x=Q \\ &P=\tan x \text { and } Q=2 x+x^{2} \tan x \end{aligned}

The integrating factor Ifof this differential equation is

            \begin{aligned} &I f=e^{\int P d x} \\ &=e^{\int \tan x d x} \\ &=e^{\log |\sec x|} \; \; \; \; \; \; \; \; \; \; \quad\left[\int \tan x d x=\sec x+C\right] \\ &=\sec x \; \; \; \; \; \; \; \; \; \; \; \; \; \; \; \quad\left[e^{\log e^{x}}=x\right] \end{aligned}

Hence, the solution is

            \begin{aligned} &y I f=\int Q I f d x+C \\ &=y \sec x=\int\left(2 x+x^{2} \tan x\right) \sec x d x+C \\ &=y \sec x=I+C \ldots(i) \\ &=I=\int\left(2 x+x^{2} \tan x\right) \sec x d x \end{aligned}

            \begin{aligned} &=\int 2 x \sec x d x+\int x^{2} \tan x \sec x d x \\ &=2\left(\frac{x^{2}}{2} \sec x-\int \frac{x^{2}}{2}(\tan x \sec x) d x\right)+\int x^{2} \tan x \sec x d x+C \\ &=\frac{2 x^{2}}{2} \sec x-\int \frac{2 x^{2}}{2}(\tan x \sec x) d x+\int x^{2} \tan x \sec x d x+C \\ &=x^{2} \sec x-\int x^{2} \tan x \sec x d x+\int x^{2} \tan x \sec x d x+C \\ &=x^{2} \sec x+C \end{aligned}

Substituting in (i)

             =y \sec x=x^{2} \sec x+C

Dividing by \sec\; x

           \begin{aligned} &=y=x^{2}+\frac{C}{\sec x} \\ &=y=x^{2}+C \cos x \ldots(i i) \end{aligned}

Now

\begin{aligned} &y(0)=1 \text { when } x=0, y=1 \\ &\quad=1=0^{2}+C \cos (0) \\ &\quad=1=+C(1) \quad[\cos 0=1] \\ &\; \; \; \; =C=1 \end{aligned}

Substituting in (ii)

       \begin{aligned} &=y=x^{2}+(1) \cos x \\ &=y=x^{2}+\cos x \end{aligned}

            

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