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  • Please Solve RD Sharma Class 12 Chapter 18 Indefinite Integrals Exercise18.31 Question 6 Maths Textbook Solution.

Please Solve RD Sharma Class 12 Chapter 18 Indefinite Integrals Exercise18.31 Question 6 Maths Textbook Solution.

Answers (1)

Answer: The required value of the integration is,

\tan ^{-1}\left(\frac{x^{2}-1}{x}\right)+c

Hint: Use the identity  formula \int\frac{1}{x^{2}+a^{2}}dx=\frac{1}{a}\tan ^{-1}\frac{x}{a}+c

Given: The given integral is I=\int \frac{x^{2}+1}{x^{4}-x^{2}+1}dx

 Solution:

The given equation can be written as,

\begin{aligned} I &=\int \frac{x^{2}+1}{\frac{x^{2}}{\left(\frac{x^{4}-x^{2}+1}{x^{2}}\right)}} d x \\ &=\int \frac{\left(1+\frac{1}{x^{2}}\right) d x}{\left(x^{2}-1+\frac{1}{x^{2}}\right)} \\ &=\int \frac{\left(1+\frac{1}{x^{2}}\right) d x}{x^{2}+\frac{1}{x^{2}}+1-2} \end{aligned}           [divinding x^{2} on both numerator and denominator ]

=\int \frac{\left(1+\frac{1}{x^{2}}\right) d x}{\left(x-\frac{1}{x}\right)^{2}+1^{2}}         [Making the perfect square of \left ( a+b \right )^{2}  ]

Now, substitute x-\frac{1}{x}=t then,

\left (1+\frac{1}{x^{2}} \right )dx=dt

Now, solving the obtained equation,

\begin{aligned} I &=\int \frac{d t}{t^{2}+1} \\ &=\tan ^{-1} t+c \end{aligned}

Re-substitute t=x-\frac{1}{x} into the above equation.

 \begin{aligned} I &=\tan ^{-1}\left(x-\frac{1}{x}\right)+c \\ &=\tan ^{-1}\left(\frac{x^{2}-1}{x}\right) \end{aligned}

Thus the required value of the given integration is,

\tan ^{-1}\left(\frac{x^{2}-1}{x}\right)+c

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